How to do Matrix Subtraction in R

How to do Matrix Subtraction in R ?

Answer

To perform matrix subtraction in R, you can use the - operator. Both matrices must have the same dimensions, meaning the same number of rows and columns. The operation is performed element-wise, subtracting corresponding elements from the two matrices.


✐ Examples

1 Subtracting Two 2x2 Matrices

In this example,

  1. We create the first matrix named matrix1 with values from 1 to 4 arranged in 2 rows and 2 columns using the matrix() function.
  2. We create the second matrix named matrix2 with values from 5 to 8 arranged in 2 rows and 2 columns using the matrix() function.
  3. We use the - operator to subtract matrix2 from matrix1. The subtraction is performed element-wise.
  4. The resulting matrix is stored in a variable named result_matrix.
  5. Finally, we print the value of result_matrix to standard output to see the result of the matrix subtraction.

R Program

matrix1 <- matrix(1:4, nrow = 2, ncol = 2)
matrix2 <- matrix(5:8, nrow = 2, ncol = 2)
result_matrix <- matrix1 - matrix2
print(result_matrix)

Output

     [,1] [,2]
[1,]   -4   -4
[2,]   -4   -4

2 Subtracting Two 3x3 Matrices

In this example,

  1. We create the first matrix named matrix1 with values from 1 to 9 arranged in 3 rows and 3 columns using the matrix() function.
  2. We create the second matrix named matrix2 with values from 10 to 18 arranged in 3 rows and 3 columns using the matrix() function.
  3. We use the - operator to subtract matrix2 from matrix1. The subtraction is performed element-wise.
  4. The resulting matrix is stored in a variable named result_matrix.
  5. Finally, we print the value of result_matrix to standard output to see the result of the matrix subtraction.

R Program

matrix1 <- matrix(1:9, nrow = 3, ncol = 3)
matrix2 <- matrix(10:18, nrow = 3, ncol = 3)
result_matrix <- matrix1 - matrix2
print(result_matrix)

Output

     [,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,]   -9  -9  -9
[2,]   -9  -9  -9
[3,]   -9  -9  -9

3 Subtracting Two 4x4 Matrices

In this example,

  1. We create the first matrix named matrix1 with values from 1 to 16 arranged in 4 rows and 4 columns using the matrix() function.
  2. We create the second matrix named matrix2 with values from 17 to 32 arranged in 4 rows and 4 columns using the matrix() function.
  3. We use the - operator to subtract matrix2 from matrix1. The subtraction is performed element-wise.
  4. The resulting matrix is stored in a variable named result_matrix.
  5. Finally, we print the value of result_matrix to standard output to see the result of the matrix subtraction.

R Program

matrix1 <- matrix(1:16, nrow = 4, ncol = 4)
matrix2 <- matrix(17:32, nrow = 4, ncol = 4)
result_matrix <- matrix1 - matrix2
print(result_matrix)

Output

     [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4]
[1,]  -16  -18  -20  -22
[2,]  -16  -18  -20  -22
[3,]  -16  -18  -20  -22
[4,]  -16  -18  -20  -22

Summary

In this tutorial, we learned How to do Matrix Subtraction in R language with well detailed examples.


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