How to Generate Random Matrices in R

How to Generate Random Matrices in R ?

Answer

In R, you can generate random matrices using functions like matrix() along with random number generation functions such as runif() (for uniform distribution), rnorm() (for normal distribution), or sample() (for sampling from a specified set of values).


✐ Examples

1 Generating a 3x3 Random Matrix with Uniform Distribution

In this example,

  1. We use the matrix() function to create a 3x3 matrix.
  2. We generate random numbers from a uniform distribution using the runif() function and fill the matrix with these random numbers.
  3. We assign the resulting random matrix to a variable named random_mat.
  4. We print the random_mat to the console to verify the creation of the random matrix.

R Program

random_mat <- matrix(runif(9), nrow = 3)
print(random_mat)

Output

          [,1]      [,2]      [,3]
[1,] 0.1610819 0.9683421 0.9835757
[2,] 0.4251968 0.4884130 0.2276850
[3,] 0.8133103 0.8648256 0.2863711

2 Generating a 2x4 Random Matrix with Normal Distribution

In this example,

  1. We use the matrix() function to create a 2x4 matrix.
  2. We generate random numbers from a normal distribution using the rnorm() function and fill the matrix with these random numbers.
  3. We assign the resulting random matrix to a variable named random_mat.
  4. We print the random_mat to the console to verify the creation of the random matrix.

R Program

random_mat <- matrix(rnorm(8), nrow = 2)
print(random_mat)

Output

           [,1]       [,2]        [,3]       [,4]
[1,] -0.2992151 -0.1934010  0.31835647  0.2373481
[2,]  0.6937836 -1.5788677 -0.06468858  0.3125106

3 Generating a 4x3 Random Matrix by Sampling from a Set of Values

In this example,

  1. We define a vector values containing a set of values from which we want to sample.
  2. We use the matrix() function to create a 4x3 matrix.
  3. We sample from the values vector using the sample() function and fill the matrix with these sampled values.
  4. We assign the resulting random matrix to a variable named random_mat.
  5. We print the random_mat to the console to verify the creation of the random matrix.

R Program

values <- c(10, 20, 30, 40, 50)
random_mat <- matrix(sample(values, 12, replace = TRUE), nrow = 4)
print(random_mat)

Output

     [,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,]   40   10   30
[2,]   50   40   20
[3,]   30   10   40
[4,]   50   30   40

Summary

In this tutorial, we learned How to Generate Random Matrices in R language with well detailed examples.


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