Basics of SQLBasics of SQL8
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  1. 1Introduction to SQL
  2. 2Installing SQL and Using SQL Tools
  3. 3SQL Syntax and Statements
  4. 4SQL Data Types
  5. 5CREATE TABLE Statement
  6. 6INSERT INTO Statement
  7. 7UPDATE Statement in SQL
  8. 8DELETE Statement in SQL
Querying DataQuerying Data10
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  1. 1SELECT Statement in SQL
  2. 2SQL WHERE Clause
  3. 3ORDER BY Clause in SQL
  4. 4GROUP BY Clause in SQL
  5. 5HAVING Clause in SQL
  6. 6LIMIT / TOP Clause in SQL
  7. 7DISTINCT Keyword in SQL
  8. 8SQL Operators - AND, OR, NOT, IN, BETWEEN, LIKE
  9. 9SQL Aliases
  10. 10SQL CASE Statement
SQL JoinsSQL Joins6
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  1. 1SQL INNER JOIN
  2. 2SQL LEFT JOIN
  3. 3SQL RIGHT JOIN
  4. 4SQL FULL OUTER JOIN
  5. 5SQL SELF JOIN
  6. 6SQL CROSS JOIN
Intermediate SQLIntermediate SQL6
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  1. 1SQL Subqueries
  2. 2SQL Views
  3. 3SQL Indexes
  4. 4SQL Constraints
  5. 5SQL Functions – String, Numeric, Date & Aggregate
  6. 6SQL NULL Handling – IS NULL, COALESCE, IFNULL
Advanced SQLAdvanced SQL7
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  1. 1SQL Stored Procedures
  2. 2SQL User Defined Functions (UDF)
  3. 3SQL Triggers
  4. 4SQL Transactions – COMMIT, ROLLBACK, SAVEPOINT
  5. 5SQL Cursors
  6. 6SQL Error Handling – BEGIN...HANDLER, SIGNAL
  7. 7Dynamic SQL
Database DesignDatabase Design5
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  1. 1Database Normalization – 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF
  2. 2SQL Denormalization
  3. 3ER Diagrams and Schema Design
  4. 4Primary Key vs Unique Key
  5. 5Foreign Keys and Relationships
OptimizationOptimization3
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  1. 1SQL Performance Tuning
  2. 2SQL Execution Plans
  3. 3Index Optimization in SQL
SecuritySecurity2
❯
  1. 1SQL Injection and Security
  2. 2User Management and Permissions in SQL
Advanced QueryingAdvanced Querying4
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  1. 1Common Table Expressions in SQL
  2. 2Window Functions in SQL – RANK, ROW_NUMBER, LEAD, LAG
  3. 3SQL Pivot and Unpivot
  4. 4Recursive Queries in SQL
IntegrationsIntegrations4
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  1. 1SQL with Python
  2. 2SQL with Java
  3. 3SQL with Excel
  4. 4Connecting to SQL Databases via JDBC/ODBC

Installing SQL
Getting Started with SQL Tools

Getting Started with SQL

If you're just stepping into the world of databases, this guide will help you get your environment ready. By the end of this tutorial, you'll have SQL installed, your tools set up, and you'll be writing your first query against a student database.

1. Choosing Your SQL Database

There are multiple options for relational database systems, but the most beginner-friendly are:

  • MySQL – Widely used in web development
  • PostgreSQL – Known for reliability and features
  • SQLite – Lightweight and doesn’t need installation

We’ll walk through setting up MySQL and PostgreSQL.

2. Installing MySQL

Step-by-Step (Windows)

  1. Download the MySQL Installer.
  2. Run the installer and choose Developer Default.
  3. Set root password (e.g., admin123) and remember it.
  4. Once installed, launch MySQL Workbench.

3. Installing PostgreSQL

Step-by-Step (Windows)

  1. Download from postgresql.org.
  2. Run the installer, set the password for the postgres user (e.g., admin123).
  3. Install pgAdmin as GUI client.
  4. Open pgAdmin and connect using your password.

4. Tools You Can Explore

  • MySQL Workbench: Clean interface, easy to run scripts and visualize schemas
  • pgAdmin: PostgreSQL’s official GUI client with powerful features
  • DB Browser for SQLite: If you're learning SQL offline

5. Common Troubleshooting

If you see errors like:

ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost'

→ Re-check your password, or reset it using MySQL’s command-line utility.

Conclusion

By now, you've installed a relational Database system to work with SQL.

QUIZ

Question 1:Which of the following tools provides a graphical interface for managing SQL databases and is often used with MySQL?

Question 2:SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) is used to work with PostgreSQL databases.

Question 3:While setting up a local SQL environment, which of the following components are typically required?

Question 4:Which command-line instruction is used to connect to a MySQL database from terminal?

Question 5:pgAdmin allows users to run SQL queries, manage schemas, and monitor PostgreSQL databases using a web-based interface.

Question 6:After installing a local MySQL server, which tasks are typically done as part of initial setup?