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Python BasicsPython Basics11
❯

  1. 1Introduction to Python
  2. 2Python Hello World Program
  3. 3Python Comments Explained - Beginner’s Guide with Examples
  4. 4Python Variables
  5. 5Python Constants
  6. 6Python Data Types
  7. 7Python Strings
  8. 8Python Type Conversions
  9. 9Python Basic Input and Output - Learn to Take User Input and Print Output
  10. 10Python Operators
  11. 11Python Operator Precedence – Evaluation Order with Examples

Python Flow ControlPython Flow Control5
❯

  1. 1Python Conditional Statements
  2. 2Python Loops
  3. 3Python For Loop
  4. 4Python While Loop
  5. 5Python Break and Continue

Python CollectionsPython Collections5
❯

  1. 1Introduction to Python Collections
  2. 2Python Lists
  3. 3Python Dictionaries
  4. 4Python Tuples
  5. 5Python Sets

Python FunctionsPython Functions4
❯

  1. 1Python Functions
  2. 2Python Functions with Parameters
  3. 3Python main() Function
  4. 4Python Lambda Functions

Python File HandlingPython File Handling1
❯

  1. 1Python File Operations – Read, Write, Update & Delete Files

Python Exception HandlingPython Exception Handling3
❯

  1. 1What Are Python Exceptions?
  2. 2Python Exception Handling
  3. 3Python Custom Exceptions

Python OOPsPython OOPs5
❯

  1. 1Python Object-Oriented Programming
  2. 2Python Inheritance
  3. 3Python Multiple Inheritance
  4. 4Python Encapsulation
  5. 5Python Polymorphism

Python Advanced ConceptsPython Advanced Concepts5
❯

  1. 1Python List Comprehension
  2. 2Python Iterators
  3. 3Python Generators
  4. 4Python Closures
  5. 5Python Decorators

Python LibrariesPython Libraries3
❯

  1. 1Python Email Tutorial
  2. 2Python JSON Tutorial – Parse, Read, Write & Handle JSON in Python
  3. 3Python datetime Tutorial - Working with Dates and Times in Python

Python ReferencePython Reference2
❯

  1. 1Python Built-in Functions
  2. 3Python String Methods

Python Built-in FunctionsPython Built-in Functions0
❯

    Python String MethodsPython String Methods0
    ❯

      ProgramGuru

      Python oct() Function – Convert Number to Octal

      Python oct() Function

      The oct() function in Python converts an integer number into its octal string representation, prefixed with 0o.

      Octal numbers use base 8 and are often used in file permissions and low-level computing.

      Syntax

      oct(number)

      Parameters:

      • number – A valid integer (positive or negative)

      Returns:

      • A string that represents the octal value of the integer, prefixed with 0o

      Example 1: Convert a Positive Integer to Octal

      print(oct(10))
      0o12

      Explanation: 10 in decimal = 1×8 + 2 = 12 in octal

      Example 2: Convert a Negative Integer

      print(oct(-25))
      -0o31

      Explanation: The sign is preserved, and 25 in decimal = 3×8 + 1 = 31 in octal.

      Example 3: Use with Hex or Binary Converted Values

      print(oct(int('0xA', 16)))   # Hexadecimal to Octal
      0o12

      Explanation: 0xA (hex) = 10 (decimal) → 0o12 (octal)

      Common Use Cases

      • Understanding file permission bits in Unix/Linux systems (e.g., chmod 755)
      • Working with low-level binary/octal representations
      • Debugging bitwise operations or memory layouts

      Important Notes

      • oct() only accepts integers. Passing a float or string will raise a TypeError.
      • The result is always a string, starting with 0o.

      Interview Tip

      Functions like bin(), oct(), and hex() are often used in bit manipulation problems. Know how to use them and convert between bases.

      Summary

      • oct(n) returns the octal string representation of an integer n.
      • The result starts with 0o and is always a string.
      • Useful in systems programming, permissions, and binary logic.

      Practice Problem

      Write a Python program that reads a number from the user and prints its binary, octal, and hexadecimal forms.

      num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
print("Octal:", oct(num))
print("Binary:", bin(num))
print("Hexadecimal:", hex(num))

      Python Built-in Functions❯

      1. 1Python aiter() Function – Get Async Iterator in Python
      2. 2Python all() Function – Check If All Elements Are True
      3. 3Python anext() Function – Get Next Item from Async Iterator
      4. 4Python any() Function – Check if Any Element is True
      5. 5Python ascii() Function – Get ASCII Representation of Objects
      6. 6Python bin() Function – Convert Integer to Binary String
      7. 7Python bool() Function – Convert to Boolean
      8. 8Python breakpoint() Function – Add Debug Points in Your Code
      9. 9Python bytearray() Function – Create and Modify Binary Data
      10. 10Python bytes() Function – Create Immutable Byte Objects
      11. 11Python callable() Function – Check If Object Is Callable
      12. 12Python chr() Function – Get Character from Unicode Code Point
      13. 13Python classmethod() Function – Convert Method to Class Method
      14. 14Python compile() Function – Compile Source Code at Runtime
      15. 15Python complex() Function – Create Complex Numbers Easily
      16. 16Python delattr() Function – Delete Attribute from Object
      17. 17Python dict() Function – Create and Use Dictionaries Easily
      18. 18Python dir() Function – List Attributes of Objects
      19. 19Python divmod() Function – Quotient and Remainder in One Go
      20. 20Python enumerate() Function – Loop with Index Easily
      21. 21Python eval() Function – Evaluate Expressions from Strings
      22. 22Python exec() Function – Execute Dynamic Python Code
      23. 23Python filter() Function – Filter Items in a List
      24. 24Python float() Function – Convert to Floating Point Number
      25. 25Python format() Function – Format Strings Easily
      26. 26Python frozenset() Function – Create Immutable Sets
      27. 27Python getattr() Function – Access Object Attributes Dynamically
      28. 28Python globals() Function – Access Global Symbol Table
      29. 29Python hasattr() Function – Check If an Object Has an Attribute
      30. 30Python hash() Function – Generate Hash Values of Objects
      31. 31Python help() Function – Get Help on Python Functions, Classes, and Modules
      32. 32Python hex() Function – Convert Integer to Hexadecimal
      33. 33Python id() Function – Get Memory Address of an Object
      34. 34Python input() Function – Get User Input Easily
      35. 35Python int() Function – Convert to Integer
      36. 36Python isinstance() Function – Check Type of a Variable
      37. 37Python issubclass() Function – Check Class Inheritance
      38. 38Python iter() Function – Create an Iterator from Iterable
      39. 39Python len() Function – Get the Length of Strings, Lists, and More
      40. 40Python list() Function – Convert Data to a List
      41. 41Python locals() Function – Get Local Symbol Table as a Dictionary
      42. 42Python map() Function – Apply a Function to Each Element
      43. 43Python max() Function – Find the Largest Value
      44. 44Python memoryview() Function – Work With Binary Data Efficiently
      45. 45Python min() Function – Find the Smallest Value
      46. 46Python next() Function – Retrieve Next Item from an Iterator
      47. 47Python object() Function – Base Object Constructor Explained
      48. 48Python oct() Function – Convert Number to Octal
      49. 49Python open() Function – Read, Write, and Create Files Easily
      50. 50Python ord() Function – Get Unicode Code of a Character
      51. 51Python pow() Function – Raise a Number to a Power
      52. 52Python print() Function – Print Output to the Console
      53. 53Python property() Function – Create Managed Attributes
      54. 54Python range() Function – Generate Number Sequences Easily
      55. 55Python repr() Function – Get String Representation of an Object
      56. 56Python reversed() Function – Reverse Iterables Easily
      57. 57Python round() Function – Round Numbers to Nearest Integer or Decimal Places
      58. 58Python set() Function – Create a Set from Iterable
      59. 59Python setattr() Function – Dynamically Set Object Attributes
      60. 60Python slice() Function – Create Slice Objects for Lists and Strings
      61. 61Python sorted() Function – Sort Any Iterable Easily
      62. 62Python staticmethod() Function – Create Static Methods in Classes
      63. 63Python str() Function – Convert to String Easily
      64. 64Python sum() Function – Add Items of an Iterable
      65. 65Python super() Function – Call Parent Class Methods
      66. 66Python tuple() Function – Create a Tuple from Iterable
      67. 67Python type() Function – Get the Type of an Object
      68. 68Python vars() Function – View Object’s Attributes
      69. 69Python zip() Function – Combine Iterables Element-Wise
      70. 70Python __import__() Function – Dynamic Module Import
      71. 71Python str.format() – Format Strings Easily with Placeholders
      72. 72Python String format_map() – Format Strings with a Mapping

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